{"id":8364,"date":"2025-06-21T16:16:48","date_gmt":"2025-06-21T16:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/?p=8364"},"modified":"2025-06-20T16:22:13","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T16:22:13","slug":"gamifikacia-nacionalizmu-afd-a-politika-emocionalnej-spolupatricnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/gamifikacia-nacionalizmu-afd-a-politika-emocionalnej-spolupatricnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Gamifik\u00e1cia nacionalizmu: AfD a politika emocion\u00e1lnej spolupatri\u010dnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\"Kol\u00e1\u017e<\/span><\/p>\n

Kol\u00e1\u017e od Yorgosa Karagiorgosa Prvky: \u00a9 Muhammet Okur \/ Al Jazeera \u00b7 \u00a9 RomaToday (graffiti: \u201eIl Ritorno\u201c \u2013 plag\u00e1t od Laiky, na ktorom je Alice Weidel v nacistickej uniforme s Hitlerov\u00fdmi f\u00fazmi) N\u00e1zov: Die R\u00fcckkehr \u2013 Il Ritorno<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>\n

Tv\u00e1r novej propagandy<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n

Scroll, scroll, scroll-reel \u2013 Mlad\u00e1 \u017eena sa usmieva a dr\u017e\u00ed bal\u00f3n v tvare lietadla; popis znie \u201eDeporta\u010dn\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti\u201c. Scroll, scroll, scroll-reel \u2013 nemeck\u00fd mu\u017e, blond a mu\u017en\u00fd, vytvoren\u00fd umelou inteligenciou, chr\u00e1ni \u201enemeck\u00fd trh\u201c pred imigrantmi vytvoren\u00fdmi umelou inteligenciou, ktor\u00ed pred\u00e1vaj\u00fa drogy, sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd v\u0161etk\u00fdmi relevantn\u00fdmi stereotypmi. Vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9 nie je produktom epiz\u00f3dy seri\u00e1lu \u201eBlack Mirror\u201c; realita ho prekonala. Relevantn\u00fd obsah je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou skuto\u010dn\u00fdch volebn\u00fdch rekl\u00e1m AfD [AfD, Alternat\u00edva pre Nemecko. Je to krajne pravicov\u00e1 nacionalistick\u00e1 strana zn\u00e1ma svojimi protiimigra\u010dn\u00fdmi a protieur\u00f3pskymi n\u00e1zormi], z \u00faprav na TikToku a obsahu generovan\u00e9ho fan\u00fa\u0161ikmi, ktor\u00e9 formuj\u00fa nov\u00fd politick\u00fd vesm\u00edr, kde moc nie je zalo\u017een\u00e1 len na presvied\u010dan\u00ed prostredn\u00edctvom r\u00e9toriky alebo ideol\u00f3gie, ale na emocion\u00e1lnom zapojen\u00ed identity do publika<\/span> (4<\/a> ); (5<\/a> ); (11<\/a> ).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tento opis vystihuje koncept participat\u00edvnej propagandy s akt\u00edvnou interakciou s obsahom prostredn\u00edctvom zdie\u013eania a produkcie pod rovnak\u00fdmi k\u00f3dmi. Distrib\u00faciou tohto obsahu sa vytv\u00e1ra syst\u00e9m, v ktorom sa ideol\u00f3gia remixuje a estetizuje, pri\u010dom sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvatelia na spolo\u010dn\u00fa tvorbu obsahu s m\u00e9mami, zvukmi, vizu\u00e1lmi umelej inteligencie a hashtagmi, aby sa vytvorila komunita imagin\u00e1rneho n\u00e1roda, kde publikum spolupracuje na \u0161\u00edren\u00ed rasistick\u00fdch, anti-establishmentov\u00fdch a neonacionalistick\u00fdch narat\u00edvov<\/span>(<\/span> 4<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Estetick\u00e1 kozmog\u00f3nia AfD sa neobmedzuje len na jednoduch\u00e9 zn\u00e1sobovanie sledovate\u013eov; prostredn\u00edctvom strat\u00e9gie zalo\u017eenej na v\u00fdsmechu, m\u00e9moch, vir\u00e1lnych opakovaniach a pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed hudby sa jej podarilo investova\u0165 do estetiky, ktor\u00e1 transformuje politiku na rozpoznate\u013en\u00fa, a teda \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa, preto\u017ee vyvol\u00e1va em\u00f3cie stoto\u017enen\u00e9 s touto politikou = vibr\u00e1cie, podporuje nepriate\u013estvo, humor a strach. Politici ako Alice Weidelov\u00e1<\/a> (l\u00edderka AfD) z\u00edskavaj\u00fa status \u201einfluencerov\u201c, zatia\u013e \u010do \u00fa\u010das\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov na digit\u00e1lnom diskurze vytv\u00e1ra il\u00faziu spoluvytv\u00e1rania polit\u00edk<\/span>(<\/span> 4<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\n
@revo.2025<\/a> Alice Weidel zerlegt die Linken und benennt die wahren Extremisten | #afd<\/a> #aliceweidel<\/a> #dielinke<\/a> #politik<\/a> #deutschland<\/a> #extremismus<\/a> #nemecko<\/a> #politika<\/a> \u266c sonido original \u2013 \ud83d\udd31 Brosly \ud83d\udd31<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Po\u010det fan\u00fa\u0161ikovsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dtov propaguj\u00facich obsah v prospech AfD (12 790 v porovnan\u00ed s iba 873 pre SPD) ukazuje, \u017ee \u00fa\u010das\u0165 na roz\u0161irovan\u00ed tohto estetick\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru je posilnen\u00e1 samotn\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami, s obohaten\u00edm prostredn\u00edctvom remixov\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov, hudby a zv\u00fd\u0161enou anga\u017eovanos\u0165ou prostredn\u00edctvom koment\u00e1rov, \u010do vedie k n\u00e1rastu poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e9mu algoritmom. Priemern\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e s inklin\u00e1ciou k AfD sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 producentom politick\u00e9ho narat\u00edvu, ktor\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edva slogany ako \u201eDeutschland braucht die AfD\u201c (Nemecko potrebuje AfD) a anime. V\u00fdsledkom je depolitiz\u00e1cia politiky, pri\u010dom obsah sa st\u00e1va pr\u00ed\u0165a\u017eliv\u00fdm nie kv\u00f4li svojim my\u0161lienkam, ale kv\u00f4li sp\u00f4sobu, ak\u00fdm sa transformuje na estetick\u00fd, spotrebite\u013esk\u00fd produkt, vytv\u00e1raj\u00faci \u2013 ak nie vedomie \u2013 tak trendy<\/span> (<\/span> 1<\/span><\/a> );<\/span>(<\/span> 4<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea Juliana Hohnera v\u0161ak t\u00e1to \u00fa\u010das\u0165 nie je spont\u00e1nna, ale premyslen\u00e1, ke\u010f\u017ee t\u00fato digit\u00e1lnu kampa\u0148 posil\u0148uje algoritmus, ktor\u00fd \u201etla\u010d\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov do radik\u00e1lnych kr\u00e1li\u010d\u00edch noier\u201c, kde sa extr\u00e9m st\u00e1va mainstreamom. Vizu\u00e1lna idealiz\u00e1cia nemeckej \u201e\u010distoty\u201c a s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 prezentovanie imigrantov ako \u201etie\u0148ov\u201c prostredn\u00edctvom sn\u00edmok generovan\u00fdch umelou inteligenciou je pokra\u010dovan\u00edm propagandistick\u00fdch mot\u00edvov nacistick\u00e9ho obdobia, ktor\u00e9 teraz posil\u0148uj\u00fa n\u00e1stroje umelej inteligencie (<\/span> 9<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Uvedomenie si skuto\u010dnosti, \u017ee tento \u201epovrchn\u00fd\u201c obsah bude propagovan\u00fd, v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed nevyhnutne znamena\u0165, \u017ee povrchn\u00e1 gamifik\u00e1cia politick\u00e9ho obsahu vedie nielen k depolitiz\u00e1cii, ale aj to, \u017ee t\u00edto tvorcovia nie s\u00fa politicky organizovan\u00ed aktivisti, ale mlad\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvatelia, ktor\u00ed pristupuj\u00fa k TikToku ako k javisku, kde \u0161t\u00fdl preva\u017euje nad obsahom a estetika AfD sa reprodukuje ako m\u00f3da alebo m\u00e9my (<\/span> 5<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Typick\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom reprodukcie ideol\u00f3gie AfD prostredn\u00edctvom estetick\u00e9ho obsahu \u2013 ktor\u00fd sa na \u0148u v\u0161ak priamo, ale nepriamo a ideologicky neodkazuje, je skandovanie \u201eAusl\u00e4nder raus, Deutschland den Deutschen\u201c (Cudzinci von, Nemecko pre Nemcov), ktor\u00e9 si spievaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne bohat\u00e9 deti, ktor\u00e9 sa zabavia, nez\u00fa\u010dast\u0148uj\u00fa sa ideologick\u00e9ho boja, ale reprezentuj\u00fa moc, reakciu a kult\u00farnu opoz\u00edciu. Politika sa tak st\u00e1va z\u00e1\u017eitkom, \u010fal\u0161ou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou vibr\u00e1ci\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00e9ho kan\u00e1la, nevyhnutnou nie preto, \u017ee je presved\u010div\u00e1, ale preto, \u017ee pon\u00faka identitu, pr\u00edslu\u0161nos\u0165 a estetick\u00fd r\u00e1mec, v ktorom mo\u017eno \u201eby\u0165 nie\u010d\u00edm\u201c, aj ke\u010f len do\u010dasne, aj ke\u010f ironicky, aj ke\u010f s \u013eahkos\u0165ou (<\/span> 6<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\n
@fantasymo<\/a> AFD VYHR\u00c1LA #ai #<\/a> anim\u00e1cia<\/a> #politika<\/a> #hist\u00f3ria<\/a> #nemecko<\/a> #fyp<\/a> \u266c Koniec za\u010diatku \u2013 Djo<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Znovuobjavenie n\u00e1rodnej identity prostredn\u00edctvom umelej inteligencie<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Vy\u0161\u0161ie uveden\u00e9 s\u00fa znakmi vedom\u00e9ho posunu v dne\u0161nej politickej komunik\u00e1cii. V Brandenbursku, kde strana vedie v prieskumoch verejnej mienky, bola zverejnen\u00e1 s\u00e9ria rekl\u00e1m generovan\u00fdch umelou inteligenciou, ktor\u00e9 prezentuj\u00fa bipol\u00e1rny svet, kde na jednej strane m\u00e1me \u010dist\u00e9, dobre organizovan\u00e9 a \u201e\u0161\u0165astn\u00e9\u201c nemeck\u00e9 mest\u00e1 s \u201e\u00e1rijsk\u00fdmi\u201c ob\u010danmi a na druhej strane temn\u00e9 mest\u00e1 s \u201e\u00fato\u010dn\u00edkmi\u201c z kraj\u00edn Bl\u00edzkeho v\u00fdchodu a Afriky, ktor\u00ed pozdvihli fikt\u00edvnu okrajov\u00fa skupinu na \u00farove\u0148 normality a viedli Nemecko k rozpadu (<\/span> 11<\/span><\/a> )<\/span> .<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1to manichejsk\u00e1 estetika prostredn\u00edctvom umelej inteligencie vytv\u00e1ra obrazy a scen\u00e1re, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadny sk\u00fasenostn\u00fd odkaz, ale aktivuj\u00fa kult\u00farne archetypy, predsudky, kde prostredn\u00edctvom konfliktu medzi \u201edobrom a zlom\u201c nie s\u00fa identity kon\u0161truovan\u00e9 racion\u00e1lne, ale prostredn\u00edctvom emocion\u00e1lneho driftu, kde prevl\u00e1da strach a neistota (<\/span> 11<\/span><\/a> ). Nie je n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee tieto vide\u00e1 mali st\u00e1tis\u00edce zhliadnut\u00ed, napriek zjavn\u00fdm \u201enedostatkom\u201c v zobrazen\u00ed, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad chyby.<\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
@lifecreator777<\/a> #sloboda<\/a> #oslobodenie<\/a> #nemecko\ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea<\/a> \u266c trailer k epick\u00e9mu vojnov\u00e9mu filmu (1537552) \u2013 Chau<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Pod\u013ea Marcusa B\u00f6scha sa to definuje ako \u201eslopaganda\u201c, \u010do je druh propagandy s n\u00edzkymi estetick\u00fdmi \u0161tandardmi, ale s vysok\u00fdm emocion\u00e1lnym nabit\u00edm. Retrofuturistick\u00e1 estetika, centr\u00e1lne umiestnen\u00e9 vlajky E\u00da a t\u00e9my oslavuj\u00face \u201eeur\u00f3psku ve\u013ekos\u0165\u201c s\u00fa prezentovan\u00e9 p\u00f4sobiv\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom \u2013 trend, ktor\u00fd, zd\u00e1 sa, nadob\u00fada celoeur\u00f3psky charakter, zaznamen\u00e1va \u00faspech a vyvol\u00e1va obavy, preto\u017ee prevaha em\u00f3ci\u00ed nad argumentmi a racion\u00e1lnym riaden\u00edm my\u0161lienok v \u00e9re viacer\u00fdch kr\u00edz, v Eur\u00f3pe, ktor\u00e1 sa sna\u017e\u00ed rekon\u0161truova\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k teratogen\u00e9ze (<\/span>4<\/span><\/a> );(<\/span> 5<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Ako AfD asimiluje mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Koniec koncov, to, \u010do d\u00e1va tomuto typu propagandy jeho n\u00e1zov \u201eparticipat\u00edvna\u201c, je aj d\u00f4vodom jej \u00faspechu, a to zjednotenie politiky a komunity. \u201eFan\u00fa\u0161ikovsk\u00e9 edity\u201c Alice Weidelovej, piesne s nacionalistick\u00fdmi konot\u00e1ciami, imit\u00e1cie prejavov a opakuj\u00face sa zvukov\u00e9 \u00faryvky (Deutschland braucht die AfD = Nemecko potrebuje AfD) predstavuj\u00fa nov\u00fa formu politickej particip\u00e1cie. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee pr\u00edvr\u017eenci AfD nemaj\u00fa pocit, \u017ee obhajuj\u00fa stranu v zmysle posil\u0148ovania jej politickej moci, ale sk\u00f4r \u017ee patria k digit\u00e1lnemu hnutiu, ktor\u00e9 vyjadruje ich n\u00e1rodn\u00fa \u00fazkos\u0165 esteticky zn\u00e1mym a spolo\u010densky rozpoznate\u013en\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. Komunika\u010dn\u00fd \u00faspech teda spo\u010d\u00edva aj v populistickej politike famili\u00e1rnosti, ktor\u00e1 men\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1panie demokratickej particip\u00e1cie v meta\u00e9re (<\/span> 2<\/span><\/a> );<\/span>(<\/span> 4<\/span><\/a> );<\/span> (<\/span> 8<\/span><\/a> );<\/span> (<\/span> 10<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V s\u00favisiacej \u0161t\u00fadii Nemeck\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd in\u0161tit\u00fat a nad\u00e1cia<\/span> Amadeu Antonio Stiftung<\/span><\/a> ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee AfD si vybudovala najrozsiahlej\u0161\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m \u201efan\u00fa\u0161ikov\u201c na TikToku ako ktor\u00e1ko\u013evek in\u00e1 strana, \u010do je znakom nielen \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9ho \u00faspechu, ale aj hegem\u00f3nie digit\u00e1lneho narat\u00edvu<\/span> (1)<\/span><\/a> .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Platforma TikTok transformuje politiku na nepretr\u017eit\u00fd kult\u00farny z\u00e1\u017eitok, pr\u00edstupn\u00fd v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch sekund\u00e1ch zvuku a obrazu, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje relevantn\u00fdm narat\u00edvom \u201evst\u00fapi\u0165\u201c na \u201everejn\u00e9 priestranstvo\u201c so z\u00e1bavn\u00fdm obalom, za\u010dle\u0148uje politicky nezrel\u00fa vekov\u00fa skupinu a vystavuje ju ideologick\u00e9mu obsahu nie na \u00farovni ide\u00ed, ako u\u017e bolo uveden\u00e9, pri\u010dom mo\u017eno prehliada politick\u00fd p\u00f4vod toho, na \u010dom sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa. V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 prijatie AfD mlad\u00fdmi \u013eu\u010fmi, pri\u010dom 22 % respondentov vo veku 14 \u2013 29 rokov ju pod\u013ea ned\u00e1vneho prieskumu podporuje, odha\u013euje z\u00e1sadn\u00fd posun, \u017ee nov\u00e1 gener\u00e1cia nie je odpudzovan\u00e1 radikalizmom, ale vn\u00edma ho ako autentickos\u0165 v r\u00e1mci politickej krajiny, ktor\u00fa vn\u00edma ako \u201euzavret\u00fd\u201c a sk\u00f4r skorumpovan\u00fd kruh \u013eud\u00ed a prakt\u00edk<\/span> (1)<\/span><\/a> ,<\/span> (2)<\/span><\/a> ,<\/span>(4)<\/span><\/a> .<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gamifik\u00e1cia politiky funguje aj ako n\u00e1stroj soci\u00e1lneho za\u010dlenenia mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa odcudzenie alebo sa identifikuj\u00fa ako odporcovia establishmentu, pri\u010dom mo\u017enos\u0165 prispie\u0165 ku komunika\u010dnej politike AfD im poskytuje digit\u00e1lnu vidite\u013enos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 im umo\u017e\u0148uje by\u0165 vypo\u010dut\u00ed a viden\u00ed na \u201everejnom priestranstve\u201c ako nikdy predt\u00fdm. T\u00edto pou\u017e\u00edvatelia nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v digit\u00e1lnom aktivizme v prospech AfD nielen obsah, ale aj uznanie, \u00fa\u010das\u0165 a komunitu, pri\u010dom AfD \u0165a\u017e\u00ed z absencie zodpovedaj\u00faceho emocion\u00e1lneho jazyka zo strany demokratick\u00fdch str\u00e1n (<\/span> 5<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Publikum tohto obsahu samozrejme nie s\u00fa len t\u00ed, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa marginalizovan\u00ed z politick\u00e9ho \u017eivota, ale aj mlad\u00ed \u013eudia z privilegovan\u00fdch spolo\u010densk\u00fdch vrstiev, ako uk\u00e1zal incident na ostrove Sylt (luxusn\u00fd ostrov v Nemecku, zn\u00e1my bohatstvom, pl\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdmi klubmi a elitn\u00fdmi n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkmi). Pre t\u00fato soci\u00e1lnu skupinu nie je ot\u00e1zkou vidite\u013enos\u0165 a potreba participova\u0165 \u2013 ani \u00fapln\u00e1 identifik\u00e1cia s t\u00fdmito my\u0161lienkami \u2013 ale sk\u00f4r privilegovan\u00fd vz\u0165ah so svetom bez hran\u00edc, (ko)existencia a zaplnenie existen\u010dnej pr\u00e1zdnoty prostredn\u00edctvom h\u013eadania identity. Takzvan\u00ed \u201eWohlstandsverwahrloste\u201c (mlad\u00ed \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed vyrastali v hojnosti, ale bez mor\u00e1lneho vedenia alebo emocion\u00e1lnej bl\u00edzkosti) s\u00fa pri\u0165ahovan\u00ed konfronta\u010dnou n\u00e1ladou a \u201eproti-establishmentovou\u201c fas\u00e1dou krajnej pravice. AfD im prostredn\u00edctvom proti-establishmentov\u00e9ho postoja, ktor\u00fd neohrozuje ich z\u00e1ujmy, pon\u00faka \u201erevolu\u010dn\u00fd\u201c hlas a zmysel, tak\u017ee reprodukcia nacistick\u00fdch sloganov na Sylte sl\u00fa\u017ei ako test identity v prostred\u00ed bez n\u00e1sledkov, potvrdzuj\u00fac, \u017ee \u200b\u200bradikaliz\u00e1cia nie je triedny jav, ale vedom\u00fd, kult\u00farny kon\u0161trukt, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre svojich \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov aj spolo\u010densky obohacuj\u00faci. AfD im nakoniec nepon\u00faka rie\u0161enia, ale sk\u00f4r integr\u00e1ciu, identitu a protivn\u00edka \u2013 a teda aj \u00fa\u010del (<\/span> 6<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Od kampane k z\u00e1\u017eitku<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Z\u00e1verom mo\u017eno poveda\u0165, \u017ee nov\u00fd typ propagandy AfD odha\u013euje, \u017ee efekt\u00edvna politick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia (sic) v digit\u00e1lnom veku nefunguje len dialekticky prostredn\u00edctvom poz\u00edci\u00ed a n\u00e1vrhov, ale dosahuje ove\u013ea viac, ke\u010f sa odv\u00e1\u017ei do oblasti estetiky, identity a emocion\u00e1lnej anga\u017eovanosti. Vizualiz\u00e1cia ideol\u00f3gie sa nemus\u00ed nevyhnutne usilova\u0165 o hlasy; usiluje sa o zdie\u013eania, m\u00e9my a spoluvytv\u00e1ranie. To formuje nov\u00fd druh \u201eparticip\u00e1cie\u201c, viac z\u00e1\u017eitkovej a emocion\u00e1lnej ako racion\u00e1lnej (<\/span> 5<\/span><\/a> ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

AfD nielen\u017ee vyu\u017eila komunik\u00e1ciu prostredn\u00edctvom mo\u017enost\u00ed platformy, ale vybudovala si digit\u00e1lnu hypern\u00e1rodn\u00fa fant\u00e1ziu. Koniec koncov, n\u00e1rody nie s\u00fa len biologick\u00e9 spolo\u010denstv\u00e1, ale \u201eimagin\u00e1rne kon\u0161trukty zalo\u017een\u00e9 na performat\u00edvnych form\u00e1ch pam\u00e4te a trad\u00edcie\u201c (<\/span> 7<\/span><\/a> ). V pr\u00edpade AfD sa t\u00e1to performat\u00edvnos\u0165 u\u017e nereprodukuje v n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch oslav\u00e1ch a \u0161kolsk\u00fdch u\u010debniciach, ale v cykloch TikTok, v zvukoch a filtroch nostalgick\u00e9ho, \u201e\u010dist\u00e9ho\u201c Nemecka, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno nikdy neexistovalo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fenom\u00e9n \u201eparticipa\u010dnej propagandy\u201c n\u00e1s v pr\u00edpade AfD varuje pred t\u00fdm, \u017ee demokratick\u00e1 verejn\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra je ohrozen\u00e1 nielen represiami, ale aj trendmi zalo\u017eenou particip\u00e1ciou, mo\u017enou identifik\u00e1ciou prostredn\u00edctvom ir\u00f3nie, strachu a budovania emocion\u00e1lne nabitej komunity, ktor\u00e1 str\u00e1\u017ei n\u00e1rod a vol\u00e1 v\u00e1s do tejto digit\u00e1lnej kr\u00ed\u017eovej v\u00fdpravy m\u00e9mov.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reakciou na tento jav nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 len dekon\u0161trukcia; naopak, existuje v\u00e1\u017ena potreba znovuobjavi\u0165 demokratick\u00fa kult\u00faru spolupatri\u010dnosti, kde sa daj\u00fa vyjadri\u0165 existen\u010dn\u00e9 potreby mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed po hlase, po komunite, po \u00falohe. Preto\u017ee ak sa n\u00e1rod dok\u00e1\u017ee prehodnoti\u0165 pomocou lacn\u00fdch filtrov a z\u00e1vad, potom sa demokracia m\u00f4\u017ee \u2013 a mus\u00ed \u2013 sta\u0165 participat\u00edvnou sk\u00fasenos\u0165ou; koniec koncov, takto sa za\u010dala a n\u00e1vrat ku kore\u0148om prostredn\u00edctvom racionality, a nie iluz\u00f3rnych snov, m\u00f4\u017ee prinies\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 spomienky, ako napr\u00edklad nov\u00e9 artikulovanie predstavivosti o moci (l'imagination au<\/span> pouvoir)<\/span><\/a> .<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

Koncov\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

1. Amadeu Antonio Stiftung a Else-Frenkel-Brunswik-Institut. (2024).<\/span> Potiahnite prstom, p\u00e1\u010di sa mi, hlasujte: Rechtsextreme Radikalisierung und Gegenstrategien auf TikTok<\/span><\/i> . Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. https:\/\/www.fes.de\/public\/FES\/Newsletter-Bilder_APB\/PDFs\/FES-Analyse-Swipe-Like-Vote-v09.pdf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. Beauduin, A. (marec 2025).<\/span> Dominancia nemeckej krajnej pravice na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach<\/span><\/i> . Eur\u00f3pske centrum pre digit\u00e1lnu akciu. https:\/\/eucoda.org\/publications\/the-social-media-domination-of-the-german-far-right\/<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

3. Blumenthaler, L. (2024, 26. marec).<\/span> Warum die AfD auf TikTok gerade so erfolgreich ist<\/span><\/i> . Amadeu Antonio Stiftung. https:\/\/www.amadeu-antonio-stiftung.de\/warum-die-afd-auf-tiktok-gerade-so-erfolgreich-ist-110311\/<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4. B\u00f6sch, M. (2023).<\/span> Ako krajne pravicov\u00e9 strany vyhr\u00e1vaj\u00fa na TikToku<\/span><\/i> . marcusboesch.de. https:\/\/marcusboesch.de\/how-far-right-parties-are-winning-tiktok\/<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

5. B\u00f6sch, M. a Divon, T. (2024).<\/span> Zvuk dezinform\u00e1ci\u00ed: TikTok, po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 propaganda a inv\u00e1zia na Ukrajinu<\/span><\/i> .<\/span> New Media & Society, 26<\/span><\/i> (9). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14614448241251804<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

6. Thurau, K. (27. m\u00e1ja 2024).<\/span> Pre\u010do nacistick\u00e9 slogany a xenof\u00f3bia oslovuj\u00fa bohat\u00e9 deti<\/span><\/i> .<\/span> Deutsche Welle<\/span><\/i> . https:\/\/p.dw.com\/p\/4gLe4<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

7. Hobsbawm, E. a Ranger, T. (eds.). (1983).<\/span> Vyn\u00e1lez trad\u00edcie<\/span><\/i> . Cambridge University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9781107295636<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

8. Kartte, F. (3. okt\u00f3bra 2024).<\/span> \u010co n\u00e1m temn\u00e1 kampa\u0148 AfD v Nemecku hovor\u00ed o dezinform\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/span><\/i> .<\/span> Tech Policy Press<\/span><\/i> . https:\/\/techpolicy.press\/what-afds-dark-campaign-in-germany-tells-us-about-disinformation\/<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

9. Schmitz, R. (18. apr\u00edla 2024).<\/span> Nemeck\u00e1 krajne pravicov\u00e1 AfD prosperuje na TikToku. Pre\u010do?<\/span><\/i> NPR<\/span><\/i> . https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2024\/04\/18\/1245478934\/germanys-far-right-afd-is-thriving-on-tiktok-why<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

10. \u0160lerka, J. (17. apr\u00edla 2025).<\/span> Ako sa extr\u00e9mna pravica a extr\u00e9mna \u013eavica stali vir\u00e1lnymi na nemeckom TikToku<\/span><\/i> .<\/span> Investigace.cz \/ Vsquare<\/span><\/i> .<\/span> https:\/\/vsquare.org\/how-the-far-right-and-far-left-went-viral-on-german-tiktok\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

11. B\u00f6sch, M. (2025, 4. marec).<\/span> 140: Paneur\u00f3pska propaganda<\/span><\/i> . Substack. https:\/\/tiktoktiktoktiktok.substack.com\/p\/140-pan-european-propaganda<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kol\u00e1\u017e od Yorgosa Karagiorgosa Prvky: \u00a9 Muhammet Okur \/ Al Jazeera \u00b7 \u00a9 RomaToday (graffiti: \u201eIl Ritorno\u201c \u2013 plag\u00e1t od Laiky, na ktorom je Alice Weidel v nacistickej uniforme s Hitlerov\u00fdmi f\u00fazmi) N\u00e1zov: Die R\u00fcckkehr […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":355,"featured_media":7646,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[722,725,726,571],"tags":[2521,1770,2116],"post_formats":[673],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-8364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-dianie","category-dezinformacie","category-technologia-sk","category-vseobecne","tag-disinformation-sk","tag-misinformation-sk","tag-platform-governance-sk","post_formats-clanky"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/355"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8364"}],"version-history":[{"count":77,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23294,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364\/revisions\/23294"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8364"},{"taxonomy":"post_formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_formats?post=8364"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=8364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}