{"id":22724,"date":"2025-07-01T10:19:07","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T10:19:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/?p=22724"},"modified":"2025-09-07T13:52:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-07T13:52:04","slug":"tiktok-pod-palbou-kritiky-eu-zahajuje-tvrdy-zakrok-na-obranu-demokracie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/tiktok-pod-palbou-kritiky-eu-zahajuje-tvrdy-zakrok-na-obranu-demokracie\/","title":{"rendered":"TikTok pod pa\u013ebou kritiky: E\u00da zahajuje tvrd\u00fd z\u00e1krok na obranu demokracie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eur\u00f3pska komisia<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu\/en\/news\/commission-preliminarily-finds-tiktoks-ad-repository-breach-digital-services-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">obvinila TikTok<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">z poru\u0161enia<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A32022R2065\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">z\u00e1kona o digit\u00e1lnych slu\u017eb\u00e1ch<\/span><\/i><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(DSA), k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vneho predpisu E\u00da ur\u010den\u00e9ho na zabezpe\u010denie transparentnosti a zodpovednosti online. V st\u00e1vke? Nie s\u00fa to len vysok\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00e9 pokuty, ale samotn\u00e1 bud\u00facnos\u0165 demokratick\u00e9ho dial\u00f3gu v Eur\u00f3pe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> Pre\u010do sa E\u00da zameriava na TikTok? <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E\u00da sa s\u0165a\u017euje na TikTok, preto\u017ee nezverejnil svoju reklamn\u00fa kni\u017enicu, \u010do vy\u017eaduje z\u00e1kon o digit\u00e1lnych slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (DSA). T\u00e1to kni\u017enica je n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha v\u00fdskumn\u00edkom a skupin\u00e1m verejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1ujmu vidie\u0165 a \u0161tudova\u0165 platen\u00fd obsah. Je navrhnut\u00e1 tak, aby pomohla odhali\u0165 kampane, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia oklama\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed alebo \u0161\u00edri\u0165 nepravdiv\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pod\u013ea Komisie TikTok jasne nezverej\u0148uje d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, ako napr\u00edklad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kto financuje reklamu,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Na koho je reklama ur\u010den\u00e1,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A ak\u00fd typ spr\u00e1vy sa propaguje.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tento nedostatok otvorenosti sa st\u00e1va e\u0161te nebezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm po\u010das volebn\u00e9ho obdobia, ke\u010f je integrita verejnej diskusie najzranite\u013enej\u0161ia. Bez \u00faplnej transparentnosti je ove\u013ea \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie odhali\u0165 falo\u0161n\u00e9 reklamy, koordinovan\u00e9 vplyvov\u00e9 kampane alebo zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 zasahovanie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toto je prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t, \u010do vy\u0161etrovanie DSA proti TikToku pokro\u010dilo do z\u00e1vere\u010dnej f\u00e1zy \u2013 jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l, \u017ee E\u00da to mysl\u00ed v\u00e1\u017ene.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TikTok sa br\u00e1nil. Hovorca spolo\u010dnosti<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/tech\/news\/tiktok-accused-of-breaching-the-eus-digital-services-act\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">uviedol<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u017ee TikTok podporuje ciele DSA a neust\u00e1le pracuje na zlep\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1strojov na transparentnos\u0165 rekl\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Platforma z\u00e1rove\u0148 kritizovala E\u00da za to, \u017ee neposkytla \u201ejasn\u00e9 a verejn\u00e9 usmernenia\u201c a spochybnila niektor\u00e9 interpret\u00e1cie z\u00e1kona zo strany Komisie. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v\u0161ak potvrdila, \u017ee je ochotn\u00e1 na\u010falej spolupracova\u0165 s regula\u010dn\u00fdmi org\u00e1nmi E\u00da.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> Boti a hlasovacie l\u00edstky: Podporuje TikTok zasahovanie do volieb? <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ale nejde len o reklamy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V decembri minul\u00e9ho roka za\u010dala Eur\u00f3pska komisia samostatn\u00e9<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_6487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vy\u0161etrovanie<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mo\u017en\u00e9ho zasahovania do rumunsk\u00fdch prezidentsk\u00fdch volieb. Vy\u0161etrovanie sa za\u010dalo kr\u00e1tko po tom, \u010do \u00dastavn\u00fd s\u00fad krajiny anuloval v\u00fdsledky volieb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obava? \u017de dezinform\u00e1cie spojen\u00e9 s Ruskom \u0161\u00edren\u00e9 cez TikTok mohli ovplyvni\u0165 hlasovanie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vy\u0161etrovanie sa zameriava na nieko\u013eko aspektov: potenci\u00e1lnu manipul\u00e1ciu s algoritmom odpor\u00fa\u010dania obsahu TikToku botmi, propag\u00e1ciu politickej reklamy a jej zdrojov financovania a nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 overenie t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed financuj\u00fa politick\u00fa reklamu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jeden z kandid\u00e1tov,<\/span> <b>C\u0103lin Georgescu<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u00fadajne \u0165a\u017eil z koordinovanej podpory prostredn\u00edctvom influencerov na TikToku a telegramov\u00fdch kan\u00e1lov. Jeho kampa\u0148 \u00fadajne dost\u00e1vala netransparentn\u00e9 financovanie a nespravodliv\u00fa publicitu, \u010do potenci\u00e1lne poru\u0161ovalo pravidl\u00e1 volebnej s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ee. To bol hlavn\u00fd d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do rumunsk\u00fd s\u00fad vyhl\u00e1sil vo\u013eby za neplatn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa d\u00f4sledky? <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ak Eur\u00f3pska komisia potvrd\u00ed, \u017ee TikTok poru\u0161il DSA, platforma by mohla \u010deli\u0165 mas\u00edvnym finan\u010dn\u00fdm pokut\u00e1m \u2013 a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161ky 6 % svojich glob\u00e1lnych ro\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edjmov.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ale to nie je v\u0161etko. TikTok m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tie\u017e povinn\u00fd okam\u017eite zavies\u0165 n\u00e1pravn\u00e9 opatrenia,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">odovzda\u0165 intern\u00e9 dokumenty a \u00fadaje t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa potenci\u00e1lnych riz\u00edk a zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pln\u00fa spolupr\u00e1cu s bud\u00facimi org\u00e1nmi doh\u013eadu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tieto opatrenia s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou \u0161ir\u0161ieho \u00fasilia E\u00da o ochranu volieb a ob\u010dianskej diskusie pred syst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi online hrozbami.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TikTok tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee neakceptuje platen\u00fa politick\u00fa reklamu a akt\u00edvne odstra\u0148uje obsah, ktor\u00fd propaguje dezinform\u00e1cie, nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9 prejavy alebo ob\u0165a\u017eovanie. Komisia v\u0161ak zost\u00e1va skeptick\u00e1 a jej vy\u0161etrovania pokra\u010duj\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> Skuto\u010dn\u00e1 zodpovednos\u0165 alebo digit\u00e1lna il\u00fazia? <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probl\u00e9my TikToku v Eur\u00f3pe ani z\u010faleka neskon\u010dili.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vo febru\u00e1ri 2024 Komisia spustila<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_926\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010fal\u0161ie vy\u0161etrovanie<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2013 okrem in\u00e9ho t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa rizika z\u00e1vislosti pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, nedostato\u010dnej transparentnosti v reklame a obmedzen\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov k \u00fadajom platformy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obavy boli nato\u013eko v\u00e1\u017ene, \u017ee<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/ip_24_4161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E\u00da do augusta 2024 pozastavila<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aplik\u00e1ciu TikTok Lite kv\u00f4li riziku z\u00e1vislosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pre Komisiu s\u00fa tieto kroky s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou dlhodobej strat\u00e9gie na ochranu digit\u00e1lnej suverenity a demokratick\u00fdch procesov Eur\u00f3py.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Henna Virkkunenov\u00e1, podpredsedn\u00ed\u010dka Komisie pre technologick\u00fa suverenitu, zd\u00f4raznila, \u017ee \u00dania m\u00e1 povinnos\u0165 bojova\u0165 proti manipul\u00e1cii \u2013 bez oh\u013eadu na to, odkia\u013e poch\u00e1dza.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>\u010co bude \u010falej?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S bl\u00ed\u017eiacimi sa vo\u013ebami do Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu bud\u00fa platformy ako TikTok \u2013 ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v r\u00e1mci z\u00e1kona o digit\u00e1lnych slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (DSA) ofici\u00e1lne klasifikovan\u00e9 ako ve\u013emi ve\u013ek\u00e9 online platformy (VLOP) \u2013 podroben\u00e9 intenz\u00edvnemu sk\u00famaniu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pre E\u00da nejde len o jednu aplik\u00e1ciu. Je to z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eov\u00fd test pre digit\u00e1lne z\u00e1kony E\u00da a ur\u010duj\u00faci moment pre pr\u00edstup kontinentu k informa\u010dnej bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010ci sa TikTok prisp\u00f4sob\u00ed alebo bude \u010deli\u0165 n\u00e1sledkom, sa e\u0161te len uvid\u00ed \u2013 ale jedna vec je jasn\u00e1: E\u00da je odhodlan\u00e1 zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby demokracia bola odoln\u00e1 vo\u010di algoritmom.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eur\u00f3pska komisia obvinila TikTok z poru\u0161enia z\u00e1kona o digit\u00e1lnych slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (DSA), k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vneho predpisu E\u00da ur\u010den\u00e9ho na zabezpe\u010denie transparentnosti a zodpovednosti online. V st\u00e1vke? Nie s\u00fa to len vysok\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00e9 pokuty, ale samotn\u00e1 bud\u00facnos\u0165 demokratick\u00e9ho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":158,"featured_media":22669,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[726],"tags":[2517,2518,2519,2520,2521,2522,2523,1802,2524,1770,2525,2526,2527,2528,2529,2530,2531,2532,2533,2534],"post_formats":[771],"coauthors":[3870],"class_list":["post-22724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologia-sk","tag-bots-sk","tag-digital-democracy-sk","tag-digital-rights-sk","tag-digital-services-act-sk","tag-disinformation-sk","tag-election-interference-sk","tag-eu-elections-sk","tag-european-commission-sk","tag-media-literacy-sk","tag-misinformation-sk","tag-online-manipulation-sk","tag-online-safety-sk","tag-online-transparency-sk","tag-platform-accountability-sk","tag-political-advertising-sk","tag-romania-elections-sk","tag-social-media-regulation-sk","tag-tech-regulation-sk","tag-tiktok-sk","tag-youth-and-politics-sk","post_formats-seria-clankov"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22724","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/158"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22724"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22724\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44951,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22724\/revisions\/44951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22724"},{"taxonomy":"post_formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_formats?post=22724"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=22724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}