{"id":66395,"date":"2025-11-18T20:00:39","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T20:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/democracy-without-streets\/"},"modified":"2025-11-18T20:01:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T20:01:06","slug":"ce-fel-de-democratie-exista-fara-strazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/ce-fel-de-democratie-exista-fara-strazi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce fel de democra\u021bie exist\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 str\u0103zi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dreptul la protest este o piatr\u0103 de temelie a democra\u021biei europene. Capacitatea de a ie\u0219i \u00een strad\u0103 \u0219i de a face revendic\u0103ri este esen\u021ba democra\u021biei – \u0219i \u00een niciun caz un privilegiu decorativ. Dimpotriv\u0103, este un mijloc atemporal de a pune presiune asupra institu\u021biilor care nu ascult\u0103. Cu toate acestea, \u00een \u00eentreaga<\/span> Europ\u0103<\/span><\/a> , acest drept pare s\u0103 se diminueze, suprimarea adun\u0103rilor pa\u0219nice devine o tendin\u021b\u0103 de securitate intern\u0103 care se stabile\u0219te sub interdic\u021bii stricte, chiar \u0219i prin modific\u0103ri legislative care incrimineaz\u0103 protestul \u00een sine. Italia se afl\u0103 \u00een prezent \u00een fruntea acestei schimb\u0103ri.<\/span> Desigur, aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 merge m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103 cu tendin\u021ba de \u201e<\/span> urgen\u021b\u0103<\/span><\/a> \u201d, \u00eentr-un moment \u00een care cet\u0103\u021benii de pe \u00eentreg continentul ies \u00een strad\u0103, iar guvernele vorbesc din ce \u00een ce mai mult limbajul \u201enevoii urgente\u201d. Pre\u0219edinta Comisiei, Ursula von der Leyen, solicit\u0103 un \u201esim\u021b al urgen\u021bei\u201d \u00een politicile UE, o mentalitate care ar putea ocoli tocmai acele procese democratice care protejeaz\u0103 pluralismul \u0219i vocile critice.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen cazul Italiei, pe 22 septembrie 2025, mii de oameni au ie\u0219it \u00een strad\u0103 de la Milano p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een Sicilia pentru a<\/span> protesta<\/span><\/a> \u00eempotriva genocidului din Gaza. Situa\u021bia a adus \u021bara \u00eentr-un impas, g\u0103rile, \u0219colile \u0219i porturile precum Genova \u0219i Livorno fiind \u00eenchise, unde docherii au blocat traficul de marf\u0103 deoarece \u201eItalia este folosit\u0103 ca un nod pentru transportul de arme c\u0103tre Israel\u201d. La Roma, peste 20.000 de oameni au scandat \u201ePalestina liber\u0103\u201d \u00een fa\u021ba g\u0103rii Termini. Tensiunea din cadrul demonstra\u021biilor a escaladat, grupuri \u00eembr\u0103cate \u00een negru \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 sparg\u0103 intrarea principal\u0103 a g\u0103rii din Milano, au fost aruncate bombe fumigene \u0219i pietre, iar poli\u021bia a r\u0103spuns cu spray cu piper; rezult\u00e2nd 10 arest\u0103ri \u0219i 60 de ofi\u021beri de poli\u021bie r\u0103ni\u021bi. Prim-ministrul Giorgia Meloni a condamnat incidentele, atribuindu-le \u201eminorit\u0103\u021bilor violente f\u0103r\u0103 nicio leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu solidaritatea\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

La \u00eenceputul lunii octombrie a acestui an, \u00een urma ciocnirilor, autorit\u0103\u021bile locale din Bologna<\/span> au interzis<\/span><\/a> o demonstra\u021bie pro-palestinian\u0103 pe motiv c\u0103 exist\u0103 un \u201erisc serios de tulbur\u0103ri\u201d. Organiza\u021bia Giovani Palestinesi a anun\u021bat c\u0103 va \u00eencerca s\u0103 se adune \u00een ciuda interdic\u021biei, ambasadorul israelian \u00een Italia declar\u00e2nd c\u0103 \u201eevenimentul ar glorifica ziua de 7 octombrie\u201d \u0219i c\u0103 a \u201ecooperat cu autorit\u0103\u021bile\u201d pentru anularea acestuia. \u00cen<\/span> mai<\/span><\/a> 2025, guvernul italian a prezentat Parlamentului un proiect de lege care incrimineaz\u0103 chiar \u0219i formele tradi\u021bionale de nesupunere civil\u0103. Decretul-lege 48\/2025 incrimineaz\u0103 \u201eocuparea ilegal\u0103 de propriet\u0103\u021bi\u201d cu pedepse de p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u0219apte ani de \u00eenchisoare \u0219i obstruc\u021bionarea traficului cu pedepse de p\u00e2n\u0103 la doi ani de \u00eenchisoare. Legisla\u021bia extinde, de asemenea, puterile poli\u021biei \u0219i ofer\u0103 sprijin financiar ofi\u021berilor de poli\u021bie care \u00ee\u0219i dep\u0103\u0219esc atribu\u021biile. Ca r\u0103spuns, Amnesty International a descris legisla\u021bia drept \u201edraconic\u0103, cre\u00e2nd un mediu ostil \u0219i \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 reduc\u0103 la t\u0103cere disiden\u021ba\u201d \u00een r\u00e2ndul activi\u0219tilor de mediu, al persoanelor care se confrunt\u0103 cu s\u0103r\u0103cia \u0219i al comunit\u0103\u021bilor rasiale, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t ace\u0219tia s\u0103 resimt\u0103 consecin\u021bele proiectului de lege \u00een mod dispropor\u021bionat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Guvernul Meloni \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 ridice conceptul de \u201esecuritate\u201d la rang de principiu politic fundamental,<\/span> Decretul-Lege<\/span><\/a> 48\/2025 constituind \u00een esen\u021b\u0103 nucleul acestui proces, prin care protestele pa\u0219nice, rezisten\u021ba pasiv\u0103 \u0219i blocajele rutiere\/fereoviare sunt acum tratate ca poten\u021biale infrac\u021biuni penale, marc\u00e2nd o schimbare \u00een \u201esfera public\u0103\u201d de la un spa\u021biu de consultare la un spa\u021biu de control \u00een care protestul este considerat – prin lege – o problem\u0103 de \u201eordine public\u0103\u201d. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, asigurarea protec\u021biei financiare \u0219i a scutului juridic pentru poli\u021bie (de exemplu, dreptul la 10.000 de euro pentru cheltuieli de ap\u0103rare juridic\u0103) subliniaz\u0103 ideea din spatele legisla\u021biei, guvernul plas\u00e2nd poli\u021bia sub o protec\u021bie excesiv\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103c\u00e2nd-o beneficiar\u0103 privilegiat\u0103 a protec\u021biei fa\u021b\u0103 de legea \u00eens\u0103\u0219i. \u00cen contextul \u201eurgen\u021bei europene\u201d, guvernul italian, folosind vocabularul comun ca strategie politic\u0103, \u00een special \u00een perioade de criz\u0103 (politic\u0103, economic\u0103, interna\u021bional\u0103), \u00eei las\u0103 lui Meloni loc pentru a accelera procesul decizional \u00een \u00eencercarea de a ocoli consultarea.<\/span><\/p>\n

Italia, \u00eens\u0103, nu face excep\u021bie, ci mai degrab\u0103 indic\u0103 aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103.<\/span> Raportul<\/span><\/a> privind statul de drept din acest an a remarcat o cre\u0219tere a restric\u021biilor privind protestele \u00een toate statele \u2013 de la interdic\u021bii preventive la violen\u021b\u0103 dispropor\u021bionat\u0103 \u0219i reforme legislative punitive. \u00cen Germania, la Berlin a fost impus\u0103 o interdic\u021bie general\u0103 temporar\u0103 a demonstra\u021biilor pro-palestiniene; \u00een Estonia, poli\u021bia a interzis o demonstra\u021bie care ulterior a fost considerat\u0103 ilegal\u0103; \u00een Belgia, au fost impuse amenzi \u0219i sanc\u021biuni administrative pentru simpla de\u021binere a unui steag palestinian, \u00een timp ce \u00een Ungaria, recunoscut\u0103 acum drept experimentul european \u00een practici autoritare, 15 tentative de organizare a protestelor au fost interzise succesiv pe motive de \u201esiguran\u021b\u0103 public\u0103\u201d. De\u0219i Italia nu este singura \u021bar\u0103 care implementeaz\u0103 aceste practici, nu este singura \u021bar\u0103 care \u2013 din fericire \u2013 reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 la restric\u021bii. Conflictul social din Europa creeaz\u0103 un paradox: \u00een timp ce guvernele restric\u021bioneaz\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai mult dreptul la protest, mobilizarea social\u0103 nu numai c\u0103 continu\u0103, ci se extinde. Europa trece printr-o perioad\u0103 de<\/span> \u201eregresie democratic\u0103, dar \u0219i de rezisten\u021b\u0103 puternic\u0103\u201d<\/span><\/a> ; iar solidaritatea cu Gaza a dat na\u0219tere unui \u201eval larg\u201d de activism, care este adesea \u00eent\u00e2mpinat cu \u201erepresiune dur\u0103\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Protestele s-ar putea s\u0103 nu fi oprit genocidul, de exemplu, \u0219i nu este treaba lor \u2013 ci a guvernelor \u2013 s\u0103 exercite controlul \u0219i s\u0103 aplice dreptul interna\u021bional, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t s\u0103 restric\u021bioneze cererea \u0219i modul \u00een care aceasta este exprimat\u0103. Aceste ac\u021biuni au schimbat ceva mai profund, modul \u00een care oamenii obi\u0219nui\u021bi intr\u0103 \u00een politic\u0103 prin \u0219oc moral \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i revendic\u0103 responsabilitatea democra\u021biei. Vocile de pe strad\u0103 continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie auzite, f\u0103c\u00e2nd democra\u021bia \u0219i reflexele acesteia relevante \u0219i active, \u00een ciuda reac\u021biilor la deteriorarea sa, aceasta din urm\u0103 fiind cauzat\u0103 mai mult de cei care o vor corupt\u0103 dec\u00e2t de cei care o caut\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dreptul la protest este o piatr\u0103 de temelie a democra\u021biei europene. Capacitatea de a ie\u0219i \u00een strad\u0103 \u0219i de a face revendic\u0103ri este esen\u021ba democra\u021biei – \u0219i \u00een niciun caz un privilegiu decorativ. Dimpotriv\u0103, este […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":355,"featured_media":61696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,21,1],"tags":[12868,17146,17147,17148,3729,7013,13985,4932,1973,1798,17149,17150,2606,3385,17151,17152,3738,17153,1124,17154,3739,17155,11822,17156,17157],"post_formats":[664],"coauthors":[4037],"class_list":["post-66395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-connecting-the-dots","category-current-affairs","category-general","tag-activism-ro","tag-authoritarian-drift","tag-civil-disobedience","tag-civil-rights","tag-democracy-ro","tag-democratic-backsliding-ro","tag-dissent-ro","tag-eu-politics-ro","tag-europe-ro","tag-european-commission-ro","tag-freedom-of-assembly","tag-gaza-protests","tag-human-rights-ro","tag-italy-ro","tag-meloni","tag-police-powers","tag-protest-ro","tag-public-order","tag-public-space-ro","tag-repression","tag-rule-of-law-ro","tag-security-policy","tag-social-movements-ro","tag-solidarity","tag-street-politics","post_formats-articole"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/355"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66395"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66513,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66395\/revisions\/66513"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66395"},{"taxonomy":"post_formats","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_formats?post=66395"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pulse-z.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=66395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}